Program: Structure pointers and Functions

Problem Statement

Create a C program that involves structures and pointers. The program should define a structure named Item with members:

itemName (a pointer to a character array)
quantity (an integer)
price (a floating-point number)
amount (a floating-point number, calculated as quantity * price)

The program should have two functions:

readItem Function:
- Takes a structure pointer of type Item as a parameter.
- Allocates memory for the itemName pointer.
- Reads product name, price, and quantity from the user and stores them in the passed-in structure.
printItem Function:
- Takes a structure pointer of type Item as a parameter.
- Prints the contents of the structure, including product name, price, quantity, and total amount.

In the main function:

Declare an Item structure and a pointer to the Item.
Allocate memory for the itemName pointer.
Pass the Item pointer to both the readItem and printItem functions.
Finally, free the allocated memory for the itemName pointer.

Algorithm

Declare a structure Item with the required members.
Implement the readItem function:
- Allocate memory for the itemName pointer.
- Read product name, price, and quantity from the user.
- Store the input values in the passed-in structure.
Implement the printItem function:
- Print the product name, price, quantity, and total amount.
In the main function:
- Declare an Item structure and a pointer to the Item.
- Allocate memory for the itemName pointer.
- Pass the Item pointer to the readItem function.
- Pass the Item pointer to the printItem function.
- Free the allocated memory for the itemName pointer.

Program

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

struct Item {
    char *itemName;
    int quantity;
    float price;
    float amount;
};

void readItem(struct Item *itemPtr);
void printItem(const struct Item *itemPtr);

int main() {
    struct Item item;
    struct Item *itemPtr = &item;

    // Allocate memory for the itemName pointer
    item.itemName = (char *)malloc(50 * sizeof(char));

    // Pass the Item pointer to readItem
    readItem(itemPtr);

    // Pass the Item pointer to printItem
    printItem(itemPtr);

    // Free the allocated memory for itemName
    free(item.itemName);

    return 0;
}

Explanation

The Item structure is defined with the necessary members.
The readItem function allocates memory for itemName and reads user input.
The printItem function displays the contents of the structure.
In the main function, an Item structure and a pointer to Item are declared.
Memory is allocated for the itemName pointer.
The Item pointer is passed to both the readItem and printItem functions.
Finally, the allocated memory for itemName is freed.

Last modified: 25 February 2024